الانساق الثّقافّيّة المضمرة في الروايةّالنسائّيّة المغاربية ّمقاربة نقديّة ثقافية _نماذج مختارة

Abstract

فالرواية النسائية المغاربية عبارة عن مجموعة من الأنساق الثقافية المضمرة التي تبرز المخبوء وراء العباءة الجمالية للخطابات السردية النسوية، وهي تتنوع بتنوع المواضيع والقضايا، من الحب إلى الإرهاب إلى الحياة والموت، والتي تكشفها التورية ضمن الثقافة. من هنا تمحور بحثي الموسوم «الأنساق الثقافية المضمرة في الرواية النسائية المغاربية – مقاربة نقدية ثقافية – نماذج مختارة» حول فوضى المكونات الثقافية التي تحتويها المتون الروائية المختارة، فتكشف عن تنوع الثقافات في المجتمع المغاربي، باختراق الطابو الجمالي للنص لكشف المسكوت عنه تحت لواء المحكي الممنوع. واعتمدت على آليات النقد الثقافي المتباينة في مقاربتي الثقافية للنصوص المغاربية واستنطاق الدلالات المخبوءة، لكشف معاناة المرأة والعنف الممارس من قبل مؤسسة الآخر التي استفحلت في العقول منذ الأزل. إشكالية مستندة على: كيف تجلّت الأنساق الثقافية في الرواية النسائية المغاربية المعاصرة؟

Women's writing is considered one of the fundamentals that made women's identity stable in the literary arena, as they were able to make the pen a weapon to confront the reality that was saturated with male culture, which distorted their being under domination and enslavement, despite the status granted to them by the Almighty Creator. Literary thought was swept by a division caused by biological discrimination. Which made literature into masculine literature and feminine literature, which generated the women’s crisis in the Arab world as a whole, which made society’s culture side with others rather than them in order to place them in the highest ranks, while women were described as inferior and despised? Women penetrated the field of writing that was exclusive to men, declaring a humanistic literature that appealed to the rights of all groups without exception, which gave them their identity, which disappeared as a result of the discrimination created by the male-female dichotomy, on which the culture of the Arab peoples in general and the Maghreb in particular was built. It is this difference that generated the women’s crisis in the Arab world. As a whole, due الممخص: to the difference in religious, cultural, and even literary systems, women’s creativity came to expose the male institution that worked to oppress women and make them subordinate to men. These differences and conflicts were reflected in everything that the woman writer creates in her novels that reveal oppressive repressions. The Maghreb novelist writes from her lived world and her ideology, which gives her texts a special character represented in defending women’s rights, crossing red lines, and breaking restrictions by penetrating the forbidden trinity through cultural patterns that are sometimes implicit and declared at other times, revealing to us the different cultures, customs, and ideas that have been implanted in the personality of the creator, in a language of her own, and by raising issues. She occupies the literary and critical arena in various areas of religious, social, and political life, as a result of the conflict that placed her in the cycle of searching for her identity in a condescending patriarchal society, and deliberately despising her because of different social cultural classifications. The Maghreb women's novel is a group of implicit cultural patterns that highlight what is hidden behind the aesthetic cloak of women's narrative discourses. It is diverse in the diversity of topics and issues from love to terrorism to life and death, which are revealed by the cultural pun within the chaos of cultural components contained in the selected fictional texts. From here, my research focused on the cultural patterns implicit in the Maghreb women’s novel, a cultural critical approach - selected models - that reveal the diversity of cultures in Maghreb society and penetrating the aesthetic taboo of the text to reveal what is kept silent under the banner of the forbidden narrative. I relied on the different mechanisms of cultural criticism in my cultural approach to Maghreb texts. And interrogating the hidden connotations of revealing the suffering of women and the violence practiced by the institution of the other, which has been arousing minds since time immemorial, based on the problem: How are cultural patterns manifested in the contemporary Maghreb women’s novel?